Brackets, Flanges & Hangers for 2009 Cadillac CTS
Categories
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Pillar
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Console
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- Valves
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System Components
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Wheel
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Wipers
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Relays
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Column Assembly
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Alignment
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Sensors
- Shocks & Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Wheels
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Pillar
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Console
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- Valves
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System Components
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Wheel
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Wipers
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Relays
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Column Assembly
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Alignment
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Sensors
- Shocks & Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Wheels
Browse Categories
Select category
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Pillar
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Console
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- Valves
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System Components
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Wheel
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Wipers
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Relays
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Column Assembly
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Alignment
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Sensors
- Shocks & Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Wheels
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Pillar
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Driver Seat Components
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Fender
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Hood
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Quarter Panel
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Console
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hinge Pillar
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Structure
- Instrument Panel
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Roof
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Passenger Seat Components
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Roof & Components
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Side Pillar
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Structural Components & Rails
- Sunroof
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Stability Control
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- Valves
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- High Mounted Stop Lamp
- Horn
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- License Lamps
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System Components
- Power Outlets
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Seat Belts
- Relays
- Senders
- Sensors
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Wheel
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Wipers
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Wiring Harness
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Valve Train Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Evaporator & Heater Components
- Filters
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Information Labels
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Relays
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Column Assembly
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Alignment
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Covers & Trim
- Drive Axles
- Front Suspension
- Handlebar & Controls
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Suspension
- Sensors
- Shocks & Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Wheels
Brackets, Flanges & Hangers for 2009 Cadillac CTS
1
- Motor MountGMSTS. Right. 2.8 & 3.6L. SRX. 3.0L, with awd. 3.2L. CTS. 3.6L with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors (Unavailable)
- $209.23Motor MountGMCTS. Left. SRX. 3.0L, with awd. 3.6L, without awd. Wagon, 3.0, 3.6L, with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors
2
- Mount BracketGM3.6L with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors (Unavailable)
- $169.90Mount BracketGMSedan, 3.0L, with awd. Wagon, 3.0, 3.6L, with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors .
- Engine Mount BracketGMCTS. Right. 3.6L without awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors . (Unavailable)
No.
Part # / Description / Price
1
Engine Mount 
GM
GM Motor Mount, Right
STS. Right. 2.8 & 3.6L. SRX. 3.0L, with awd. 3.2L. CTS. 3.6L with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors
1
Driver Side Engine Mount GM
MSRP $209.23
GM Motor Mount, Left
CTS. Left. SRX. 3.0L, with awd. 3.6L, without awd. Wagon, 3.0, 3.6L, with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors
2
Driver Side Engine Mount Bracket GM
GM Mount Bracket, Left
3.6L with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors
2
Passenger Side Engine Mount Bracket GM
MSRP $169.90
GM Mount Bracket, Right
Sedan, 3.0L, with awd. Wagon, 3.0, 3.6L, with awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors .
2
Passenger Side Engine Mount Bracket GM
GM Engine Mount Bracket, Right
CTS. Right. 3.6L without awd. This GM Genuine Part is designed, engineered, and tested to rigorous standards and is backed by General Motors .
3
Rear Transmission Mount GM
MSRP $405.61
GM Automatic Transmission Mount
CTS. 3.0L, without awd, auto trans. Wagon, 3.0, 3.6L, without awd, auto trans. Secures transmission Helps absorb drivetrain vibrations, helping to create a comfortable ride Designed to function with surrounding components